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nmap/scan_lists.cc
dmiller 6db5c9cb85 Bump copyright date
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/***************************************************************************
* scan_lists.cc -- Structures and functions for lists of ports to scan *
* and scan types *
***********************IMPORTANT NMAP LICENSE TERMS************************
*
* The Nmap Security Scanner is (C) 1996-2025 Nmap Software LLC ("The Nmap
* Project"). Nmap is also a registered trademark of the Nmap Project.
*
* This program is distributed under the terms of the Nmap Public Source
* License (NPSL). The exact license text applying to a particular Nmap
* release or source code control revision is contained in the LICENSE
* file distributed with that version of Nmap or source code control
* revision. More Nmap copyright/legal information is available from
* https://nmap.org/book/man-legal.html, and further information on the
* NPSL license itself can be found at https://nmap.org/npsl/ . This
* header summarizes some key points from the Nmap license, but is no
* substitute for the actual license text.
*
* Nmap is generally free for end users to download and use themselves,
* including commercial use. It is available from https://nmap.org.
*
* The Nmap license generally prohibits companies from using and
* redistributing Nmap in commercial products, but we sell a special Nmap
* OEM Edition with a more permissive license and special features for
* this purpose. See https://nmap.org/oem/
*
* If you have received a written Nmap license agreement or contract
* stating terms other than these (such as an Nmap OEM license), you may
* choose to use and redistribute Nmap under those terms instead.
*
* The official Nmap Windows builds include the Npcap software
* (https://npcap.com) for packet capture and transmission. It is under
* separate license terms which forbid redistribution without special
* permission. So the official Nmap Windows builds may not be redistributed
* without special permission (such as an Nmap OEM license).
*
* Source is provided to this software because we believe users have a
* right to know exactly what a program is going to do before they run it.
* This also allows you to audit the software for security holes.
*
* Source code also allows you to port Nmap to new platforms, fix bugs, and
* add new features. You are highly encouraged to submit your changes as a
* Github PR or by email to the dev@nmap.org mailing list for possible
* incorporation into the main distribution. Unless you specify otherwise, it
* is understood that you are offering us very broad rights to use your
* submissions as described in the Nmap Public Source License Contributor
* Agreement. This is important because we fund the project by selling licenses
* with various terms, and also because the inability to relicense code has
* caused devastating problems for other Free Software projects (such as KDE
* and NASM).
*
* The free version of Nmap is distributed in the hope that it will be
* useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Warranties,
* indemnification and commercial support are all available through the
* Npcap OEM program--see https://nmap.org/oem/
*
***************************************************************************/
/* Convert a string like "-100,n*tp,200-1024,3000-4000,[60000-]" into an array
* of port numbers. Note that one trailing comma is OK -- this is actually
* useful for machine generated lists
*
* Fyodor - Wrote original
* William McVey - Added T:, U:, P: directives
* Doug Hoyte - Added [], name lookups, and wildcard expansion
*
* getpts() handles []
* Any port ranges included inside square brackets will have all
* their ports looked up in nmap-services or nmap-protocols
* and will only be included if they are found.
* Returns a scan_list* with all the ports that should be scanned.
*
* getpts() handles service/protocol name lookups and wildcard expansion.
* The service name can be specified instead of the port number.
* For example, "ssh" can be used instead of "22". You can use wildcards
* like "*" and "?". See the function wildtest() for the exact details.
* For example,
*
* nmap -p http* host
*
* Will scan http (80), http-mgmt (280), http-proxy (8080), https (443), etc.
*
* Matching is case INsensitive but the first character in a match MUST
* be lowercase so it doesn't conflict with the T:, U:, and P: directives.
*
* getpts() is unable to match service names that start with a digit
* like 3com-tsmux (106/udp). Use a pattern like "?com-*" instead.
*
* BE CAREFUL ABOUT SHELL EXPANSIONS!!!
* If you are trying to match the services nmsp (537/tcp) and nms (1429/tcp)
* and you execute the command
*
* ./nmap -p nm* host
*
* You will see
*
* Found no matches for the service mask 'nmap' and your specified protocols
* QUITTING!
*
* This is because nm* was expanded to the name of the binary file nmap in
* the current directory by your shell. When unsure, quote your port strings
* to be safe:
*
* ./nmap -p 'nm*' host
*
* getpts() is smart enough to keep the T: U: and P: directives nested
* and working in a logical manner. For instance,
*
* nmap -sTU -p [U:1025-],1-1024 host
*
* Will scan UDP ports 1025 and up that are found in the service file
* and all TCP/UDP ports below <= 1024. Notice that the U doesn't affect
* the outer part of the port expression. It's "closed".
*/
#include "scan_lists.h"
#include "nmap_error.h"
#include "NmapOps.h"
#include "protocols.h"
#include "services.h"
#include <nbase.h>
extern NmapOps o; /* option structure */
static void getpts_aux(const char *origexpr, int nested, u8 *porttbl, int range_type,
int *portwarning, bool change_range_type = true);
void getpts(const char *origexpr, struct scan_lists *ports) {
u8 *porttbl;
int range_type = 0;
int portwarning = 0;
int i, tcpi, udpi, sctpi, proti;
if (o.TCPScan())
range_type |= SCAN_TCP_PORT;
if (o.UDPScan())
range_type |= SCAN_UDP_PORT;
if (o.SCTPScan())
range_type |= SCAN_SCTP_PORT;
if (o.ipprotscan)
range_type |= SCAN_PROTOCOLS;
if (o.noportscan && o.exclude_portlist) { // We want to exclude from ping scans in this case but we take port list normally and then removepts() handles it
range_type |= SCAN_TCP_PORT;
range_type |= SCAN_UDP_PORT;
range_type |= SCAN_SCTP_PORT;
}
porttbl = (u8 *) safe_zalloc(65536);
getpts_aux(origexpr, // Pass on the expression
0, // Don't start off nested
porttbl, // Our allocated port table
range_type, // Defaults to TCP/UDP/SCTP/Protos
&portwarning); // No, we haven't warned them about dup ports yet
ports->tcp_count = 0;
ports->udp_count = 0;
ports->sctp_count = 0;
ports->prot_count = 0;
for (i = 0; i <= 65535; i++) {
if (porttbl[i] & SCAN_TCP_PORT)
ports->tcp_count++;
if (porttbl[i] & SCAN_UDP_PORT)
ports->udp_count++;
if (porttbl[i] & SCAN_SCTP_PORT)
ports->sctp_count++;
if (porttbl[i] & SCAN_PROTOCOLS && i <= MAX_IPPROTONUM)
ports->prot_count++;
}
if (range_type != 0 && 0 == (ports->tcp_count + ports->udp_count + ports->sctp_count + ports->prot_count))
fatal("No ports specified -- If you really don't want to scan any ports use ping scan...");
if (ports->tcp_count) {
ports->tcp_ports = (unsigned short *)safe_zalloc(ports->tcp_count * sizeof(unsigned short));
}
if (ports->udp_count) {
ports->udp_ports = (unsigned short *)safe_zalloc(ports->udp_count * sizeof(unsigned short));
}
if (ports->sctp_count) {
ports->sctp_ports = (unsigned short *)safe_zalloc(ports->sctp_count * sizeof(unsigned short));
}
if (ports->prot_count) {
ports->prots = (unsigned short *)safe_zalloc(ports->prot_count * sizeof(unsigned short));
}
for (i = tcpi = udpi = sctpi = proti = 0; i <= 65535; i++) {
if (porttbl[i] & SCAN_TCP_PORT)
ports->tcp_ports[tcpi++] = i;
if (porttbl[i] & SCAN_UDP_PORT)
ports->udp_ports[udpi++] = i;
if (porttbl[i] & SCAN_SCTP_PORT)
ports->sctp_ports[sctpi++] = i;
if (porttbl[i] & SCAN_PROTOCOLS && i <= MAX_IPPROTONUM)
ports->prots[proti++] = i;
}
free(porttbl);
}
/* This function is like getpts except it only allocates space for and stores
values into one unsigned short array, instead of an entire scan_lists struct
For that reason, T:, U:, S: and P: restrictions are not allowed and only one
bit in range_type may be set. */
void getpts_simple(const char *origexpr, int range_type,
unsigned short **list, int *count) {
u8 *porttbl;
int portwarning = 0;
int i, j;
/* Make sure that only one bit in range_type is set (or that range_type is 0,
which is useless but not incorrect). */
assert((range_type & (range_type - 1)) == 0);
porttbl = (u8 *) safe_zalloc(65536);
/* Get the ports but do not allow changing the type with T:, U:, or P:. */
getpts_aux(origexpr, 0, porttbl, range_type, &portwarning, false);
/* Count how many are set. */
*count = 0;
for (i = 0; i <= 65535; i++) {
if (porttbl[i] & range_type)
(*count)++;
}
if (*count == 0) {
free(porttbl);
return;
}
*list = (unsigned short *) safe_zalloc(*count * sizeof(unsigned short));
/* Fill in the list. */
for (i = 0, j = 0; i <= 65535; i++) {
if (porttbl[i] & range_type)
(*list)[j++] = i;
}
free(porttbl);
}
/* removepts() takes a port specification and removes any matching ports
from the given scan_lists struct. */
static int remaining_ports(unsigned short int *ports, int count, unsigned short int *exclude_ports, int exclude_count, const char *type = "");
void removepts(const char *expr, struct scan_lists * ports) {
static struct scan_lists exclude_ports;
if (!expr)
return;
getpts(expr, &exclude_ports);
#define SUBTRACT_PORTS(type,excludetype) \
ports->type##_count = remaining_ports(ports->type##_ports, \
ports->type##_count, \
exclude_ports.excludetype##_ports, \
exclude_ports.excludetype##_count, \
#type)
SUBTRACT_PORTS(tcp, tcp);
SUBTRACT_PORTS(udp, udp);
SUBTRACT_PORTS(sctp, sctp);
SUBTRACT_PORTS(syn_ping, tcp);
SUBTRACT_PORTS(ack_ping, tcp);
SUBTRACT_PORTS(udp_ping, udp);
SUBTRACT_PORTS(sctp_ping, sctp);
#define prot_ports prots
SUBTRACT_PORTS(prot, prot);
SUBTRACT_PORTS(proto_ping, prot);
#undef prot_ports
#undef SUBTRACT_PORTS
free_scan_lists(&exclude_ports);
}
/* This function returns the number of ports that remain after the excluded ports
are removed from the ports. It places these ports at the start of the ports array. */
static int remaining_ports(unsigned short int *ports, int count, unsigned short int *exclude_ports, int exclude_count, const char *type) {
static bool has_been_excluded[65536];
int i, j;
if (count == 0 || exclude_count == 0)
return count;
if (o.debugging > 1)
log_write(LOG_STDOUT, "Removed %s ports: ", type);
for (i = 0; i < 65536; i++)
has_been_excluded[i] = false;
for (i = 0; i < exclude_count; i++)
has_been_excluded[exclude_ports[i]] = true;
for (i = 0, j = 0; i < count; i++)
if (!has_been_excluded[ports[i]])
ports[j++] = ports[i];
else if (o.debugging > 1)
log_write(LOG_STDOUT, "%d ", ports[i]);
if (o.debugging > 1) {
if (count-j) {
log_write(LOG_STDOUT, "\n");
} else {
log_write(LOG_STDOUT, "None\n");
}
}
if (o.debugging && count-j) {
log_write(LOG_STDOUT, "Removed %d %s ports that would have been considered for scanning otherwise.\n", count-j, type);
}
return j;
}
/* getpts() and getpts_simple() (see above) are wrappers for this function */
static void getpts_aux(const char *origexpr, int nested, u8 *porttbl, int range_type, int *portwarning, bool change_range_type) {
long rangestart = -2343242, rangeend = -9324423;
const char *current_range;
char *endptr;
char servmask[128]; // A protocol name can be up to 127 chars + nul byte
int i;
/* An example of proper syntax to use in error messages. */
const char *syntax_example;
if (change_range_type)
syntax_example = "-100,200-1024,T:3000-4000,U:60000-";
else
syntax_example = "-100,200-1024,3000-4000,60000-";
current_range = origexpr;
do {
while (isspace((int) (unsigned char) *current_range))
current_range++; /* I don't know why I should allow spaces here, but I will */
if (change_range_type && *(current_range+1) == ':') {
switch (*current_range) {
case 'T':
range_type = SCAN_TCP_PORT;
break;
case 'U':
range_type = SCAN_UDP_PORT;
break;
case 'S':
range_type = SCAN_SCTP_PORT;
break;
case 'P':
range_type = SCAN_PROTOCOLS;
break;
default:
fatal("Error parsing port list: Unknown protocol specifier '%c'.", *current_range);
break;
}
current_range += 2;
continue;
}
if (*current_range == '[') {
if (nested)
fatal("Can't nest [] brackets in port/protocol specification");
getpts_aux(++current_range, 1, porttbl, range_type, portwarning);
// Skip past the ']'. This is OK because we can't nest []s
while (*current_range != ']' && *current_range != '\0')
current_range++;
if (*current_range == ']')
current_range++;
// Skip over a following ',' so we're ready to keep parsing
if (*current_range == ',')
current_range++;
continue;
} else if (*current_range == ']') {
if (!nested)
fatal("Unexpected ] character in port/protocol specification");
return;
} else if (*current_range == '-') {
if (range_type & SCAN_PROTOCOLS)
rangestart = 0;
else
rangestart = 1;
} else if (isdigit((int) (unsigned char) *current_range)) {
rangestart = strtol(current_range, &endptr, 10);
if (range_type & SCAN_PROTOCOLS) {
if (rangestart < 0 || rangestart > MAX_IPPROTONUM)
fatal("Protocols specified must be between 0 and 255 inclusive");
} else {
if (rangestart < 0 || rangestart > 65535)
fatal("Ports specified must be between 0 and 65535 inclusive");
}
current_range = endptr;
while (isspace((int) (unsigned char) *current_range)) current_range++;
} else if (islower((int) (unsigned char) *current_range) || *current_range == '*' || *current_range == '?') {
i = 0;
while (*current_range && !isspace((int) (unsigned char) *current_range) && *current_range != ',' && *current_range != ']') {
servmask[i++] = *(current_range++);
if (i >= ((int)sizeof(servmask) - 1))
fatal("A service mask in the port/protocol specification is either malformed or too long");
}
if (*current_range && *current_range != ']') current_range++; // We want the '] character to be picked up on the next pass
servmask[i] = '\0'; // Finish the string
i = addportsfromservmask(servmask, porttbl, range_type);
if (range_type & SCAN_PROTOCOLS)
i += addprotocolsfromservmask(servmask, porttbl);
if (i == 0)
fatal("Found no matches for the service mask '%s' and your specified protocols", servmask);
continue;
} else {
fatal("Error #485: Your port specifications are illegal. Example of proper form: \"%s\"", syntax_example);
}
/* Now I have a rangestart, time to go after rangeend */
if (!*current_range || *current_range == ',' || *current_range == ']') {
/* Single port specification */
rangeend = rangestart;
} else if (*current_range == '-') {
current_range++;
if (!*current_range || *current_range == ',' || *current_range == ']') {
/* Ended with a -, meaning up until the last possible port */
if (range_type & SCAN_PROTOCOLS)
rangeend = MAX_IPPROTONUM;
else
rangeend = 65535;
} else if (isdigit((int) (unsigned char) *current_range)) {
rangeend = strtol(current_range, &endptr, 10);
if (range_type & SCAN_PROTOCOLS) {
if (rangeend < 0 || rangeend > MAX_IPPROTONUM)
fatal("Protocols specified must be between 0 and 255 inclusive");
} else {
if (rangeend < 0 || rangeend > 65535)
fatal("Ports specified must be between 0 and 65535 inclusive");
}
current_range = endptr;
} else {
fatal("Error #486: Your port specifications are illegal. Example of proper form: \"%s\"", syntax_example);
}
if (rangeend < rangestart) {
fatal("Your %s range %ld-%ld is backwards. Did you mean %ld-%ld?",
(range_type & SCAN_PROTOCOLS) ? "protocol" : "port",
rangestart, rangeend, rangeend, rangestart);
}
} else {
fatal("Error #487: Your port specifications are illegal. Example of proper form: \"%s\"", syntax_example);
}
/* Now I have a rangestart and a rangeend, so I can add these ports */
while (rangestart <= rangeend) {
if (porttbl[rangestart] & range_type) {
if (!(*portwarning)) {
error("WARNING: Duplicate port number(s) specified. Are you alert enough to be using Nmap? Have some coffee or Jolt(tm).");
(*portwarning)++;
}
} else {
if (nested) {
if ((range_type & SCAN_TCP_PORT) &&
nmap_getservbyport(rangestart, IPPROTO_TCP)) {
porttbl[rangestart] |= SCAN_TCP_PORT;
}
if ((range_type & SCAN_UDP_PORT) &&
nmap_getservbyport(rangestart, IPPROTO_UDP)) {
porttbl[rangestart] |= SCAN_UDP_PORT;
}
if ((range_type & SCAN_SCTP_PORT) &&
nmap_getservbyport(rangestart, IPPROTO_SCTP)) {
porttbl[rangestart] |= SCAN_SCTP_PORT;
}
if ((range_type & SCAN_PROTOCOLS) &&
nmap_getprotbynum(rangestart)) {
porttbl[rangestart] |= SCAN_PROTOCOLS;
}
} else {
porttbl[rangestart] |= range_type;
}
}
rangestart++;
}
/* Find the next range */
while (isspace((int) (unsigned char) *current_range)) current_range++;
if (*current_range == ']') {
if (!nested)
fatal("Unexpected ] character in port/protocol specification");
return;
}
if (*current_range && *current_range != ',') {
fatal("Error #488: Your port specifications are illegal. Example of proper form: \"%s\"", syntax_example);
}
if (*current_range == ',')
current_range++;
} while (current_range && *current_range);
}
void free_scan_lists(struct scan_lists *ports) {
if (ports->tcp_ports)
free(ports->tcp_ports);
if (ports->udp_ports)
free(ports->udp_ports);
if (ports->sctp_ports)
free(ports->sctp_ports);
if (ports->prots)
free(ports->prots);
if (ports->syn_ping_ports)
free(ports->syn_ping_ports);
if (ports->ack_ping_ports)
free(ports->ack_ping_ports);
if (ports->udp_ping_ports)
free(ports->udp_ping_ports);
if (ports->proto_ping_ports)
free(ports->proto_ping_ports);
}
/* Just a routine for obtaining a string for printing based on the scantype */
const char *scantype2str(stype scantype) {
switch (scantype) {
case STYPE_UNKNOWN:
return "Unknown Scan Type";
break;
case HOST_DISCOVERY:
return "Host Discovery";
break;
case ACK_SCAN:
return "ACK Scan";
break;
case SYN_SCAN:
return "SYN Stealth Scan";
break;
case FIN_SCAN:
return "FIN Scan";
break;
case XMAS_SCAN:
return "XMAS Scan";
break;
case UDP_SCAN:
return "UDP Scan";
break;
case CONNECT_SCAN:
return "Connect Scan";
break;
case NULL_SCAN:
return "NULL Scan";
break;
case WINDOW_SCAN:
return "Window Scan";
break;
case SCTP_INIT_SCAN:
return "SCTP INIT Scan";
break;
case SCTP_COOKIE_ECHO_SCAN:
return "SCTP COOKIE-ECHO Scan";
break;
case MAIMON_SCAN:
return "Maimon Scan";
break;
case IPPROT_SCAN:
return "IPProto Scan";
break;
case PING_SCAN:
return "Ping Scan";
break;
case PING_SCAN_ARP:
return "ARP Ping Scan";
break;
case PING_SCAN_ND:
return "ND Ping Scan";
break;
case IDLE_SCAN:
return "Idle Scan";
break;
case BOUNCE_SCAN:
return "Bounce Scan";
break;
case SERVICE_SCAN:
return "Service Scan";
break;
case OS_SCAN:
return "OS Scan";
break;
case SCRIPT_PRE_SCAN:
return "Script Pre-Scan";
break;
case SCRIPT_SCAN:
return "Script Scan";
break;
case SCRIPT_POST_SCAN:
return "Script Post-Scan";
break;
case TRACEROUTE:
return "Traceroute" ;
break;
default:
assert(0);
break;
}
return NULL; /* Unreached */
}
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