nmap/traceroute.h

/***************************************************************************
 * traceroute.h -- Parallel multi-protocol traceroute feature              *
 *                                                                         *
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 ***************************************************************************/

/* $Id: nmap.h 6676 2008-01-12 22:39:34Z fyodor $ */

#include "Target.h"

#include <vector>

/* Probe types */
#define PROBE_TRACE 0
#define PROBE_TTL 1

/* Probe states */
#define P_TIMEDOUT 0            /* probe has timedout */
#define P_RETRANS 1             /* probe needs to be retransmitted */
#define P_OK 2                  /* waiting for response or received response */

/* Group states */
#define G_OK P_OK
#define G_DEAD_TTL 3            /* TTL has reached maximum value */
#define G_FINISH 5              /* tracing has complete successfully */

#define MAX_TTL 50

#define HOP_COL 0
#define RTT_COL 1
#define HOST_COL 2

#define NAMEIPLEN MAXHOSTNAMELEN+INET6_ADDRSTRLEN

class NmapOutputTable;

/* Keeps track of each probes timing state */
class TimeInfo {
  public:
    TimeInfo();
    int retranLimit();
    void adjustTimeouts(struct timeval *recv, u16 scan_delay);

    unsigned long probeTimeout() {
        return MIN(10000000, to.timeout * 10);
    }
    /* true if this probe has been replied to */ 
    u8 gotReply() {
        return recvTime.tv_usec != 0 && recvTime.tv_sec != 0;
    }
    u8 getState() {
        return state;
    }
    u8 setState(u8 state);

    struct timeout_info to;
    /* set to true if this probe is going to
     * consolidated because it has timed out */
    bool consolidated;

    /* Rtt and timeout calculation */
    struct timeval recvTime;
    struct timeval sendTime;

  private:
    u8 retransmissions;
    u8 state;
};

/* traceprobes represent a single packet at a specific ttl. Traceprobes are
 * stored inside tracegroups. */
class TraceProbe {
  public:
    TraceProbe(u32 dip, u32 sip, u16 sport, struct probespec& probe);
    ~TraceProbe();

    /* Return the ip address and resolved hostname in a string such as
     * "host.com (1.2.3.4)" or "6.6.6.6". */
    const char *nameIP();
    const char *HostName() {
        if (!hostname || !(*hostname))
            return NULL;
        else
            return *hostname; 
    }
    /* probe type is either a standard probe (PROBE_TRACE) or a hop distance
     * probe (PROBE_TTL) */
    void setProbeType(u8 type) {
        this->probetype = type;
    }
    u8 probeType() {
        return probetype;
    }
    char *ipReplyStr() {
        return inet_ntoa (ipreplysrc);
    }

    /* protocol information for this probe */
    TimeInfo timing;
    struct in_addr ipdst;
    struct in_addr ipsrc;
    struct in_addr ipreplysrc;
    struct probespec probe;
    u16 sport;
    u8 ttl;
    char **hostname;

  private:
    u8 probetype;
    char *hostnameip;
};

/* each trace group represents a target ip and contains a map of probes that
 * have been sent/recv'ed to/from the ip */
class TraceGroup {
  public:
    TraceGroup(u32 dip, u16 sport, struct probespec& probe);
    ~TraceGroup();
    /* map of all probes sent to this TraceGroups IP address. The map is keyed
     * by the source port of the probe */
    std::map < u16, TraceProbe * >TraceProbes;
    std::map < u16, TraceProbe * >::size_type size() {
        return TraceProbes.size ();
    }
    /* checks for timedout probes and retransmits them Any probe that exceeds
     * the timing limits is considered non-responsive */ 
     void retransmissions(std::vector < TraceProbe * >&retrans);
    /* consolidate timeouts, remove common paths elements and performs general
     * upkeep on a finished trace */
    void consolidateHops();
    /* the next ttl to send, if the destination has replied the ttl is
     * decremented, if it hasn't it is incremented */
    void nextTTL();
    /* number of probes currently waiting for replies */
    void incRemaining();
    void decRemaining();
    char *IPStr();
    u8 getRemaining() {
        return remaining;
    }
    u8 getState() {
        return state;
    }
    u8 setState(u8 state);
    u8 setHopDistance(u8 hop_distance, u8 ttl);

    bool gotReply;
    bool noDistProbe;

    /* Group wide timing */
    int scanDelay;
    int maxRetransmissions;
    u16 droppedPackets;
    u16 repliedPackets;
    u8 consecTimeouts;
    /* protocol information */
    struct probespec probe;
    u16 sport;
    u32 ipdst;
    /* estimated ttl distance to target */
    u8 hopDistance;
    /* largest ttl send so far */
    u8 ttl;
    /* the initial ttl guess. This is needed because the ttl may have to be
     * incremented to reach the destination host. Once nmap has reached the
     * destination it needs to start decrementing the ttl from the original
     * value so no duplicate probes are sent.
     *
     * For example, if the guess is 20 but the target is at 23. We will start
     * tracing backwards at 19. */
    u8 start_ttl;
    u8 consolidation_start;
    const u8 *src_mac_addr;
    const u8 *nxt_mac_addr;

  private:
    /* the number of probes sent but and not yet replied to */
    u8 remaining;
    /* default state is G_OK, set to G_FINISH when
     * complete or one of the G_* error codes if this
     * group fails */
    u8 state;
};

/* Public interface to traceroute functionality */
class Traceroute {
  public:
    Traceroute(const char *device_name, devtype type, const scan_lists * probe_ports);
     ~Traceroute();

    /* perform the traceroute on a list of targets */
    void trace(std::vector < Target * >&Targets);
    /* Use nmaps rDNS functions to mass resolve the hops ip addresses */
    void resolveHops();
    /* display plain and XML traceroutes for target t */
    void outputTarget(Target * t);

  private:
    /* map of all TraceGroups, keyed by 
     * the groups destination IP address */
     std::map < u32, TraceGroup * >TraceGroups;

    const struct scan_lists * scanlists;
    Target **hops;
    pcap_t *pd;
    eth_t *ethsd;
    int fd, total_size, cp_flag;
    struct in_addr ref_ipaddr;

    /* called by outputTarget to log XML data */
    void outputXMLTrace(TraceGroup * tg);
    /* find a responsive port for t based on scan results */
    const probespec getTraceProbe(Target * t);
    /* sendTTLProbes() guesses the hop distance to a target by actively probing
     * the host. */
    void sendTTLProbes(std::vector < Target * >&Targets, std::vector < Target * >&vaild_targets);
    int sendProbe(TraceProbe * tp);
    /* reads probe replies for all protocols. returns finished(), which returns
     * true when all groups have finished or failed */
    bool readTraceResponses();
    bool finished();
    /* add message to output table "hops 1 to X are the same as <reference ip>".
     * This message should always come before none-consolidated hop output */
    void addConsolidationMessage(NmapOutputTable *Tbl, unsigned short row_count, unsigned short ttl);
};